קראו את הטקסט הבא וענו על השאלות שלאחר מכן. תרגול אנסין ממבחן בגרות לדוגמא מודול G לתלמידים הלומדים ל5 יחידות בגרות באנגלית.
I A kilometer is a short distance on Earth — a brief car ride — but go a kilometer into space, and you are entering an almost entirely unknown world of zero gravity and extreme temperatures. The challenges of sending people into deep space have always been immense, which is why space remains largely unexplored. However, recent technological advances have opened up possibilities that were previously unimaginable.
II Space scientists have long wanted to investigate the furthest regions of the galaxy, but they were restricted to orbiting Earth in space stations. Since the 1960s, specially designed spacecraft have been developed, allowing astronauts to explore the moon and Mars. These spacecraft enable researchers to spend several weeks studying the geology and environment of these distant celestial bodies.
III So far, only a limited number of spacecraft have been built, with room for only a small crew. However, new materials now allow for the construction of larger, more durable habitats that could remain in space for decades. Furthermore, methods for providing a continuous supply of oxygen and food, adapted from those used in space stations, have improved significantly. These innovations have led some aerospace engineers to propose an extraordinary idea: the possibility of constructing space colonies where people could live their entire lives.
IV Proponents of the idea argue that humans may eventually have no choice but to live in space. With the rapid depletion of Earth's natural resources and the overcrowding of urban areas, space offers a vast expanse that could be utilized for habitation. Additionally, they claim that mining resources from asteroids could become essential as Earth's supplies dwindle. Factories might be built in space, and workers would live there for extended periods.
V Despite this, large-scale colonization of space is unlikely. In the harsh environment of space, with artificial lighting and no natural surroundings, residents would miss the sunlight, fresh air, and landscapes of Earth. Similar conditions have caused severe psychological issues for astronauts on long missions. If astronauts, selected for their psychological resilience, struggle, it would be even more challenging for ordinary people. Therefore, the vision of humans living permanently in space remains a distant dream.
Answer questions 1-7 in English according to the article. In questions 3, 4, 6, and 7, circle the number of the correct answer. In the other questions, follow the instructions.
3. What information is given in paragraph II about spacecraft?
i) Why they can only remain a few weeks in space.
ii) Why they were first designed in the 1960s.
iii) What enables them to explore distant celestial bodies.
iv) How they are used in space research.
4. What do we learn about the technological developments described in paragraph III?
i) Why they require the use of new materials.
ii) How they were invented.
iii) What they could be used for.
iv) Where they were first used.
6. Which of the following phrases could replace the word “Despite this” in line 25?
i) Although it might be difficult and dangerous
ii) Although it might be possible and necessary
iii) Although it probably won’t happen
iv) Although it was never tried before
7. What does the writer explain in paragraph V about living in space?
i) Why the colonies would have to be large.
ii) Why so many people dream of it.
iii) How it could affect people.
iv) Why astronauts might want to do it.
